python operators enable manipulation on variables and value(operands)
- Arithmetic Operators
- Assignment Operators
- Logical Operators
- Bitwise Operators
- Membership Operators
- Identity Operators
1. Arithmetic Operators
| Operator | Description | Syntax | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| + | Addition | x + y | 1 + 2 = 3 |
| – | Subtraction | x - y | 3 - 1 = 2 |
| * | Multiplication | x * y | 2 * 3 = 6 |
| / | Division | x / y | 6 / 3 = 2.0 |
| % | Modulus (returns the remainder of division) | x % y | 7 % 3 = 1 |
| ** | Exponentiation (raise to the power of) | x ** y | 2 ** 3 = 8 |
| // | Floor division (rounds down to the nearest whole number) | x // y | 7 // 3 = 2 |
2. Assignment Operators
| Operator | Description | Syntax | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| == | Equal to | x == y | 2 == 2 returns True |
| != | Not equal to | x != y | 2 != 3 returns True |
| > | Greater than | x > y | 3 > 2 returns True |
| < | Less than | x < y | 2 < 3 returns True |
| >= | Greater than or equal to | x >= y | 3 >= 3 returns True |
| <= | Less than or equal to | x <= y | 2 <= 2 returns True |
3. Logical Operators
| Operator | Description | Syntax | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| and | Logical AND | x and y | True and False returns False |
| or | Logical OR | x or y | True or False returns True |
| not | Logical NOT | not x | not False returns True |
4. Bitwise Operators
| Bitwise Operators | Description | Syntax | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| & | Bitwise AND | x & y | 5 & 3 returns 1 |
| Bitwise OR | `x | ||
| ^ | Bitwise XOR | x ^ y | 5 ^ 3 returns 6 |
| ~ | Bitwise NOT | ~x | ~5 returns -6 |
| << | Bitwise Left Shift | x << y | 5 << 2 returns 20 |
| >> | Bitwise Right Shift | x >> y | 5 >> 2 returns 1 |
5. Membership Operators
| Membership Operators | Description | Syntax | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| in | Returns True if a value is found in a sequence (e.g. list, tuple, string, etc.) | x in y | 2 in [1, 2, 3] returns True |
| not in | Returns True if a value is not found in a sequence (e.g. list, tuple, string, etc.) | x not in y | 2 not in [4, 5, 6] returns True |
6. Identity Operators
| Identity Operators | Description | Syntax | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| is | Returns True if two variables refer to the same object in memory | x is y | a = [1, 2, 3] and b = [1, 2, 3] and a is b returns False |
| is not | Returns True if two variables do not refer to the same object in memory | x is not y | a = [1, 2, 3] and b = [1, 2, 3] and a is not b returns True |
These operators can be used in various combinations to perform more advanced operations in Python.
Example code:
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# Arithmetic Operators a = 9 b = 4 # Addition print(a + b) # Output: 13 # Subtraction print(a - b) # Output: 5 # Multiplication print(a * b) # Output: 36 # Division print(a / b) # Output: 2.25 # Floor Division print(a // b) # Output: 2 # Modulo print(a % b) # Output: 1 # Exponent print(a ** b) # Output: 6561 # Comparison Operators c = 10 d = 20 # Equal print(c == d) # Output: False # Not Equal print(c != d) # Output: True # Greater than print(c > d) # Output: False # Less than print(c < d) # Output: True # Greater than or equal to print(c >= d) # Output: False # Less than or equal to print(c <= d) # Output: True # Bitwise Operators e = 5 f = 3 # Bitwise AND print(e & f) # Output: 1 # Bitwise OR print(e | f) # Output: 7 # Bitwise XOR print(e ^ f) # Output: 6 # Bitwise NOT print(~e) # Output: -6 # Bitwise Left Shift print(e << 2) # Output: 20 # Bitwise Right Shift print(e >> 2) # Output: 1 # Membership Operators g = [1, 2, 3] h = [4, 5, 6] # in print(2 in g) # Output: True # not in print(2 not in h) # Output: True # Identity Operators i = [1, 2, 3] j = [1, 2, 3] # is print(i is j) # Output: False # is not print(i is not j) # Output: True |